Роль модифікації кишкової мікробіоти в лікуванні та профілактиці метаболічного запалення. Огляд

Автор(и)

  • Т. М.  Бенца Національний університет охорони здоров’я України імені П. Л. Шупика, Київ, Україна http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9427-2549
  • О. А.  Пастухова Національний університет охорони здоров’я України імені П. Л. Шупика, Київ, Україна http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0734-8598

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30978/UTJ2025-3-67

Ключові слова:

кишкова мікробіота, дисбіоз кишечника, метаболічне запалення, лікування, профілактика

Анотація

На сучасному етапі кишкову мікробіоту розглядають як складну екосистему, яка виконує низку важливих функцій в організмі людини. Порушення кількісного та якісного її складу призводить до дисфункції не лише органів травлення, а й інших систем, а також організму в цілому з формуванням різноманітної патології. Механізми впливу дисбіозу кишечника на розвиток кардіометаболічних захворювань реалізуються через порушення інтактності слизової оболонки кишечника, що призводить до транслокації кишкової мікрофлори в кровотік і активації специфічних рецепторів, а також за допомогою різноманітних мікробних метаболітів із подальшим розвитком процесів запалення, ендотоксемії та порушенням імунної регуляції. Більшість дослідників відводять дисбіозу кишечника роль тригера у виникненні та прогресуванні метаболічного запалення, яке пов’язане з розвитком ожиріння й асоційованих із ним захворювань, таких як метаболічний синдром, цукровий діабет 2 типу та метаболічно‑асоційована жирова хвороба печінки, і вважають взаємодію між кишковою мікробіотою, імунною системою та метаболічними процесами вирішальним чинником у патофізіології цих захворювань.

До сучасних методів профілактики й лікування метаболічного запалення, спрямованих на кишкову мікробіоту та її метаболіти, належать дієтичні підходи, вплив на спосіб життя, застосування пробіотиків, пребіотиків або синбіотиків. Однак механізми регуляції метаболічних процесів у макроорганізмі, клінічні ефекти та особливості застосування цих методів безпосередньо у хворих із метаболічними захворюваннями, зокрема ожирінням, метаболічним синдромом, цукровим діабетом 2 типу, метаболічно‑асоційованою жировою хворобою печінки, потребують подальшого вивчення та обговорення.

 

Біографії авторів

Т. М.  Бенца, Національний університет охорони здоров’я України імені П. Л. Шупика, Київ

д. мед. н., проф., проф. кафедри терапії

О. А.  Пастухова, Національний університет охорони здоров’я України імені П. Л. Шупика, Київ

-

Посилання

Ahmed W, Rashid S. Functional and therapeutic potential of inulin: A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2019;59(1):1-13. http://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2017.1355775. PMID: 28799777.

Akash MSH, Fiayyaz F, Rehman K, Sabir S, Rasool MH. Gut microbiota and metabolic disorders: advances in therapeutic interventions. Crit Rev Immunol. 2019;39(4):223-37. http://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2019030614. PMID: 32421966.

Al-Saber A, May AN. Effect of mindful meditation, physical activity, and diet to reduce the risk to develop or reduce severity of cardiovascular diseases in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review. World J Cardiovasc Dis. 2023. 13:46-72. http://doi.org/10.4236/wjcd.2023.131005.

Allam-Ndoul B, Castonguay-Paradis S, Veilleux A. Gut microbiota and intestinal trans-epithelial permeability. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Sep 3;21(17):6402. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176402. PMCID: PMC7503654.

Amabebe E, Robert FO, Agbalalah T, Orubu ESF. Microbial dysbiosis-induced obesity: role of gut microbiota in homoeostasis of energy metabolism. Br J Nutr. 2020 May 28;123(10):1127-37. http://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114520000380. PMID: 32008579.

Anhê FF, Barra NG, Cavallari JF, Henriksbo BD, Schertzer JD. Metabolic endotoxemia is dictated by the type of lipopolysaccharide. Cell Rep. 2021 Sep 14;36(11):109691. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109691. PMID: 34525353.

Aron-Wisnewsky J, Prifti E, Belda E, et al. Major microbiota dysbiosis in severe obesity: fate after bariatric surgery. Gut. 2019 Jan;68(1):70-82. http://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316103. Epub 2018 Jun 13. PMID: 29899081; PMCID: PMC7143256.

Bentsa TM. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Review. Modern Gastroenterology (Ukraine). 2023;6(134):59-68. http://doi.org/10.30978/MG-2023-6-59.

Bentsa TM. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes and gut dysbiosis. International journal of endocrinology (Ukraine). 2024;20(2):50-5. http://doi.org/10.22141/2224-0721.20.2.2024.1373.

Birkeland E, Gharagozlian S, Birkeland KI, Valeur J, Måge I, Rud I, Aas AM. Prebiotic effect of inulin-type fructans on faecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Nutr. 2020 Oct;59(7):3325-38. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02282-5. PMID: 32440730; PMCID: PMC7501097.

Birkeland E, Gharagozlian S, Gulseth HL, et al. Effects of prebiotics on postprandial GLP-1, GLP-2 and glucose regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Diabet Med. 2021 Oct;38(10):e14657. http://doi.org/10.1111/dme.14657. PMID: 34297363.

Blaak EE, Canfora EE, Theis S, et al. Short chain fatty acids in human gut and metabolic health. Benef Microbes. 2020 Sep 1;11(5):411-55. http://doi.org/10.3920/BM2020.0057. PMID: 32865024.

Bock PM, Telo GH, Ramalho R, et al. The effect of probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics on metabolic outcomes in individuals with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia. 2021 Jan;64(1):26-41. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-020-05295-1. PMID: 33047170.

Chen HT, Huang HL, Li YQ, Xu HM, Zhou YJ. Therapeutic advances in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A microbiota-centered view. World J Gastroenterol. 2020 Apr 28;26(16):1901-11. http://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v26.i16.1901. PMID: 32390701; PMCID: PMC7201149.

Dekaboruah E, Suryavanshi MV, Chettri D, Verma AK. Human microbiome: an academic update on human body site specific surveillance and its possible role. Arch Microbiol. 2020 Oct;202(8):2147-67. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-01931-x. Epub 2020 Jun 10. PMID: 32524177; PMCID: PMC7284171.

Du L, Li Q, Yi H, Kuang T, Tang Y, Fan G. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites as key actors in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 May:149:112839. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112839. PMID: 35325852.

Fernández-Musoles R, Tejedor AG, Laparra JM. Immunonutritional contribution of gut microbiota to fatty liver disease. Nutr Hosp. 2020 Feb 17;37(1):193-206. http://doi.org/10.20960/nh.02775. PMID: 31793324.

Grander C, Grabherr F, Tilg H. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: pathophysiological concepts and treatment options. Cardiovasc Res. 2023 Aug 7;119(9):1787-98. http://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvad095. PMID: 37364164; PMCID: PMC10405569.

Green M, Arora K, Prakash S. Microbial medicine: prebiotic and probiotic functional foods to target obesity and metabolic syndrome. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 21;21(8):2890. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21082890. PMID: 32326175; PMCID: PMC7215979.

Guarino MPL, Altomare A, Emerenziani S, et al. Mechanisms of action of prebiotics and their effects on gastro-intestinal disorders in adults. Nutrients. 2020 Apr 9;12(4):1037. http://doi.org/10.3390/nu12041037. PMID: 32283802; PMCID: PMC7231265.

Han H, Jiang Y, Wang M, et al. Intestinal dysbiosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): focusing on the gut-liver axis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(12):1689-706. http://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1966738. Epub 2021 Aug 18. PMID: 34404276.

He J, Zhang P, Shen L, et al. Short-chain fatty acids and their association with signalling pathways in inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Sep 2;21(17):6356. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176356. PMID: 32887215; PMCID: PMC7503625.

Hemmati M, Kashanipoor S, Mazaheri P, et al. Importance of gut microbiota metabolites in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Life Sci. 2023 Sep 15:329:121947. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121947. PMID: 37463653.

Hoseini-Tavassol Z, Ejtahed HS, Larijani B, Hasani-Ranjbar S. Trimethylamine N-oxide as a potential risk factor for non-communicable diseases: a systematic review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2023;23(5):617-32. http://doi.org/10.2174/1871530323666221103120410. PMID: 36330632.

Hu Y, He J, Zheng P, et al. Prebiotic inulin as a treatment of obesity related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through gut microbiota: a critical review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(7):862-72. http://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1955654. Epub 2021 Jul 22. PMID: 34292103.

Igarashi M, Morimoto M, Suto A, et al. Synthetic dietary inulin, Fuji FF, delays development of diet-induced obesity by improving gut microbiota profiles and increasing short-chain fatty acid production. Peer J. 2020 Apr 8:8:e8893. http://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8893. PMID: 32296608; PMCID: PMC7150546.

Illippangama AU, Jayasena DD, Jo C, Mudannayake DC. Inulin as a functional ingredient and their applications in meat products. Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Jan 1:275:118706. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118706. Epub 2021 Sep 25. PMID: 34742431.

Iqbal Z, Ahmed S, Tabassum N, Bhattacharya R, Bose D. Role of probiotics in prevention and treatment of enteric infections: a comprehensive review. 3 Biotech. 2021. 11(5):242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02796-7.

Jia B, Zou Y, Han X, Bae JW, Jeon CO. Gut microbiome-mediated mechanisms for reducing cholesterol levels: implications for ameliorating cardiovascular disease. Trends Microbiol. 2023 Jan;31(1):76-91. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2022.08.003. Epub 2022 Aug 22. PMID: 36008191.

Jing L, Zhang H, Xiang Q, Shen L, Guo X, Zhai C, Hu H. Targeting trimethylamine N-oxide: A new therapeutic strategy for alleviating atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Jun 13:9:864600. http://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.864600. eCollection 2022. PMID: 35770223; PMCID: PMC9235870.

Jurdana M, Maganja DB. Regular physical activity influences gut microbiota with positive health effects. 2023. http://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110725.

Kaushal K, Agarwal S, Sharma S, et al. Demonstration of gut-barrier dysfunction in early stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A proof-Of-Concept study. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2022 Jul-Aug;12(4):1102-13. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2022.01.006. Epub 2022 Jan 24. PMID: 35814507; PMCID: PMC9257921.

Kumari S, Taliyan R, Dubey SK. Comprehensive review on potential signaling pathways involving the transfer of α-synuclein from the gut to the brain that leads to Parkinson’s disease. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2023 Feb 15;14(4):590-602. http://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00730. Epub 2023 Feb 1. PMID: 36724408.

Li F, Ye J, Shao C, Zhong B. Compositional alterations of gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis. 2021 Feb 26;20(1):22. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-021-01440-w. PMID: 33637088; PMCID: PMC7908766.

Li HY, Zhou DD, Gan RY, et al. Effects and mechanisms of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics on metabolic diseases targeting gut microbiota: a narrative review. Nutrients. 2021 Sep 15;13(9):3211. http://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093211. PMID: 34579087; PMCID: PMC8470858.

Li X, Fan Z, Cui J, et al. Trimethylamine N-Oxide in heart failure: a meta-analysis of prognostic value. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Feb 16:9:817396. http://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.817396. eCollection 2022. PMID: 35252396; PMCID: PMC8888860.

Li Q, Rempel JD, Yang J, Minuk GY. The effects of pathogen-associated molecular patterns on peripheral blood monocytes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2022 May-Jun;12(3):808-17. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2021.11.011. Epub 2021 Nov 25. PMID: 35677503; PMCID: PMC9168738.

Liu L, Zhang J, Cheng Y, et al. Gut microbiota: A new target for T2DM prevention and treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Aug 11:13:958218. http://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.958218. PMID: 36034447; PMCID: PMC9402911.

Long Q, Luo F, Li B, et al. Gut microbiota and metabolic biomarkers in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Hepatol Commun. 2024 Feb 26;8(3):e0310. http://doi.org/10.1097/HC9.0000000000000310. PMID: 38407327; PMCID: PMC10898672.

Mahalak KK, Firrman J, Bobokalonov J, et al. Persistence of the probiotic Lactibacillus rhamnosus strain GG (LGG) in an in vitro model of the gut microbiome. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 26;23(21):12973. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112973. PMID: 36361763; PMCID: PMC9657340.

Man S, Liu T, Yao Y, Lu Y, Ma L, Lu F. Friend or foe? The roles of inulin-type fructans. Carbohydr Polym. 2021 Jan 15:252:117155. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117155. PMID: 33183606.

Marjot T, Moolla A, Cobbold JF, Hodson L, Tomlinson JW. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: current concepts in etiology, outcomes, and management. Endocr Rev. 2020 Jan 1;41(1):bnz009. http://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnz009. PMID: 31629366.

Markowiak-Kopeć P, Śliżewska K. The Effect of probiotics on the production of short-chain fatty acids by human intestinal microbiome. Nutrients. 2020 Apr 16;12(4):1107. http://doi.org/10.3390/nu12041107. PMID: 32316181; PMCID: PMC7230973.

Megur A, Daliri EB, Baltriukienė D, Burokas A. Prebiotics as a tool for the prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes: classification and ability to modulate the gut microbiota. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 29;23(11):6097. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116097. PMID: 35682774; PMCID: PMC9181475.

Mungamuri SK, Vijayasarathy K. Role of the gut microbiome in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression. Crit Rev Oncog. 2020;25(1):57-70. http://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevOncog.2020035667.

Mutengo KH, Masenga SK, Mweemba A, Mutale W, Kirabo A. Gut microbiota dependant trimethylamine N-oxide and hypertension. Front Physiol. 2023 Apr 6:14:1075641. http://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1075641. eCollection 2023. PMID: 37089429; PMCID: PMC10118022.

Nakajima H, Nakanishi N, Miyoshi T, et al. Inulin reduces visceral adipose tissue mass and improves glucose tolerance through altering gut metabolites. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2022 Jul 28;19(1):50. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-022-00685-1. PMID: 35902903; PMCID: PMC9331483.

Nogal A, Valdes AM, Menni C. The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between gut microbiota and diet in cardio-metabolic health. Gut Microbes. 2021 Jan-Dec;13(1):1-24. http://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1897212. PMID: 33764858; PMCID: PMC8007165.

Olas B. Probiotics, Prebiotics and synbiotics-a promising strategy in prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases? Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 20;21(24):9737. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249737. PMID: 33419368; PMCID: PMC7767061.

Oniszczuk A, Oniszczuk T, Gancarz M, Szymańska J. Role of gut microbiota, probiotics and prebiotics in the cardiovascular diseases. Molecules. 2021 Feb 22;26(4):1172. http://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26041172. PMID: 33671813; PMCID: PMC7926819.

Pan Y, Bu T, Deng X, Jia J, Yuan G. Gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a focus on the gut-brain axis. Endocrine. 2024 Jan 16. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-023-03640-z. PMID: 38227168.

Pant A, Chew DP, Mamas MA, Zaman S. Cardiovascular disease and the mediterranean diet: insights into sex-specific responses. Nutrients. 2024 Feb 19;16(4):570. http://doi.org/10.3390/nu16040570. PMID: 38398894; PMCID: PMC10893368.

Paone P, Suriano F, Jian C, et al. Prebiotic oligofructose protects against high-fat diet-induced obesity by changing the gut microbiota, intestinal mucus production, glycosylation and secretion. Gut Microbes. 2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2152307. http://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2022.2152307. PMID: 36448728; PMCID: PMC9715274.

Park JH, Moon JH, Kim HJ, Kong MH, Oh YH. Sedentary lifestyle: overview of updated evidence of potential health risks. Korean J Fam Med. 2020 Nov;41(6):365-373. http://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.20.0165. Epub 2020 Nov 19. PMID: 33242381; PMCID: PMC7700832.

Perler BK, Friedman ES, Wu GD. The role of the gut microbiota in the relationship between diet and human health. Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Feb 10:85:449-68. http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-031522-092054. Epub 2022 Nov 14. PMID: 36375468.

Pushpass RG, Alzoufairi S, Jackson KG, Lovegrove JA. Circulating bile acids as a link between the gut microbiota and cardiovascular health: impact of prebiotics, probiotics and polyphenol-rich foods. Nutr Res Rev. 2022 Dec;35(2):161-80. http://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422421000081. PMID: 33926590.

Qin YQ, Wang LY, Yang XY, et al. Inulin: properties and health benefits. Food Funct. 2023 Apr 3;14(7):2948-68. http://doi.org/10.1039/d2fo01096h. PMID: 36876591.

Querio G, Antoniotti S, Geddo F, Levi R, Gallo MP. Modulation of endothelial function by TMAO, a gut microbiota-derived metabolite. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 18;24(6):5806. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065806. PMID: 36982880; PMCID: PMC10054148.

Rauf A, Khalil AA, Rahman UU, et al. Recent advances in the therapeutic application of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs): An updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(22):6034-54. http://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1895064. Epub 2021 Mar 11. PMID: 33703960.

Rodríguez-Pastén A, Fernández-Martínez E, Pérez-Hernández N, Soria-Jasso LE, Cariño-Cortés R. Prebiotics and probiotics: effects on dyslipidemia and NAFLD/NASH and the associated mechanisms of action. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2023;24(5):633-46. http://doi.org/10.2174/1389201023666220818145350. PMID: 35984030.

Rodríguez-Pastén A, Pérez-Hernández N, Añorve-Morga J, et al. The activity of prebiotics and probiotics in hepatogastrointestinal disorders and diseases associated with metabolic syndrome. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 29;23(13):7229. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137229. PMID: 35806234; PMCID: PMC9266451.

Sanchez-Gimenez R, Ahmed-Khodja W, Molina Y, et al. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites and cardiovascular disease risk: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies. Nutrients. 2022 Jun 27;14(13):2654. http://doi.org/10.3390/nu14132654. PMID: 35807835; PMCID: PMC9268449.

Sankararaman S, Noriega K, Velayuthan S, Sferra T, Martindale R. Gut microbiome and its impact on obesity and obesity-related disorders. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2023 Feb;25(2):31-44. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-022-00859-0. PMID: 36469257.

Sastre M, Cimbalo A, Mañes J, Manyes L. Gut microbiota and nutrition: strategies for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. J Med Food. 2024 Feb;27(2):97-109. http://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2022.0154. PMID: 38381517.

Scheithauer TPM, Rampanelli E, Nieuwdorp M, et al. Gut microbiota as a trigger for metabolic inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Front Immunol. 2020 Oct 16:11:571731. http://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.571731. PMID: 33178196; PMCID: PMC7596417.

Schwimmer JB, Johnson JS, Angeles JE, et al. Microbiome signatures associated with steatohepatitis and moderate to severe fibrosis in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2019 Oct;157(4):1109-22. http://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2019.06.028. Epub 2019 Jun 27. PMID: 31255652; PMCID: PMC6756995.

Shanmugham M, Bellanger S, Leo CH. Gut-derived metabolite, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in cardio-metabolic diseases: detection, mechanism, and potential therapeutics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 Mar 28;16(4):504. http://doi.org/10.3390/ph16040504. PMID: 37111261; PMCID: PMC10142468.

Sheng W, Ji G, Zhang L. Immunomodulatory effects of inulin and its intestinal metabolites. Front Immunol. 2023 Aug 10:14:1224092. http://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224092. PMID: 37638034; PMCID: PMC10449545.

Sindhu RK, Goyal A, Algın Yapar E, Cavalu S. Bioactive compounds and nanodelivery perspectives for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Appl Sci. 2021. 11:11031. http://doi.org/10.3390/app112211031.

Singh D, Singh A, Kumar S. Probiotics: friend or foe to the human immune system. Bull Natl Res Centre. 2023. 47(126):1-9. http://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01098-7.

Snelson M, de Pasquale C, Ekinci EI, Coughlan MT. Gut microbiome, prebiotics, intestinal permeability and diabetes complications. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 May;35(3):101507. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2021.101507. PMID: 33642218.

Stražar M, Temba GS, Vlamakis H, et al. Gut microbiome-mediated metabolism effects on immunity in rural and urban African populations. Nat Commun. 2021 Aug 11;12(1):4845. http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25213-2. PMID: 34381036; PMCID: PMC8357928.

Tacconi E, Palma G, Biase DD, et al. Microbiota effect on trimethylamine N-oxide production: From cancer to fitness — a practical preventing recommendation and therapies. Nutrients. 2023 Jan 21;15(3):563. http://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030563. PMID: 36771270; PMCID: PMC9920414.

Tao C, Zeng W, Zhang Q, et al. Effects of the prebiotic inulin-type fructans on post-antibiotic reconstitution of the gut microbiome. J Appl Microbiol. 2021 Mar;130(3):634-49. http://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14827. Epub 2020 Sep 3. PMID: 32813896.

Tawfick MM, Xie H, Zhao C, Shao P, Farag MA. Inulin fructans in diet: Role in gut homeostasis, immunity, health outcomes and potential therapeutics. Int J Biol Macromol. 2022 May 31:208:948-61. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.218. Epub 2022 Apr 2. PMID: 35381290.

Temporelli PL. Cardiovascular prevention: Mediterranean or low-fat diet? Eur Heart J Suppl. 2023 Apr 21;25(Suppl B):B166-B170. http://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad097. eCollection 2023 Apr. PMID: 37091669; PMCID: PMC10120950.

Tilg H, Adolph TE, Dudek M, Knolle P. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the interplay between metabolism, microbes and immunity. Nat Metab. 2021 Dec;3(12):1596-607. http://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-021-00501-9. PMID: 34931080.

Vallianou N, Stratigou T, Christodoulatos GS, Tsigalou C, Dalamaga M. Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, and obesity: current evidence, controversies, and perspectives. Curr Obes Rep. 2020 Sep;9(3):179-92. http://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-020-00379-w. PMID: 32472285.

Vitetta L, Gorgani NN, Vitetta G, Henson JD. Prebiotics progress shifts in the intestinal microbiome that benefits patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomolecules. 2023 Aug 25;13(9):1307. http://doi.org/10.3390/biom13091307. PMID: 37759707; PMCID: PMC10526165.

Wan X, Guo H, Liang Y, et al. The physiological functions and pharmaceutical applications of inulin: A review. Carbohydr Polym. 2020 Oct 15:246:116589. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116589. Epub 2020 Jun 11. PMID: 32747248.

Wang L, Wang S, Zhang Q, He C, Fu C, Wei Q. The role of the gut microbiota in health and cardiovascular diseases. Mol Biomed. 2022 Oct 11;3(1):30. http://doi.org/10.1186/s43556-022-00091-2. PMID: 36219347; PMCID: PMC9554112.

Wang Y, Wen L, Tang H, Qu J, Rao B. Probiotics and prebiotics as dietary supplements for the adjunctive treatment of type 2 diabetes. Pol J Microbiol. 2023 Mar 24;72(1):3-9. http://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2023-013. PMID: 36929892; PMCID: PMC10280329.

Wen Y, Sun Z, Xie S, et al. Intestinal flora derived metabolites affect the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2022 Nov 9:15:2591-603. http://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S367591. PMID: 36388628; PMCID: PMC9656419.

Winston JA,Theriot CM. Diversification of host bile acids by members of the gut microbiota. Gut Microbes. 2020;11(2):158-71. http://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2019.1674124. Epub 2019 Oct 9. PMID: 31595814; PMCID: PMC7053883.

Wu J, Yang K, Fan H, Wei M, Xiong Q. Targeting the gut microbiota and its metabolites for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 May 9:14:1114424. http://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1114424. PMID: 37229456; PMCID: PMC10204722.

Xu H, Wang X, Feng W, Liu Q, Zhou S, Liu Q, Cai L. The gut microbiota and its interactions with cardiovascular disease. Microb Biotechnol. 2020 May;13(3):637-56. http://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13524. Epub 2020 Jan 26. PMID: 31984651; PMCID: PMC7111081.

Yadav MK, Kumari I, Singh B, Sharma KK, Tiwari SK. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics: Safe options for next-generation therapeutics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Jan;106(2):505-21. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11646-8. PMID: 35015145; PMCID: PMC8749913.

Yang G, Wei J, Liu P, et al. Role of the gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes and related diseases. Metabolism. 2021 Apr:117:154712. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154712. PMID: 33497712.

Yang M, Liu S, Zhang C. The related metabolic diseases and treatments of obesity. Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Aug 25;10(9):1616. http://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091616. PMID: 36141228.

Yeşilyurt N, Yılmaz B, Ağagündüz D, Capasso R. Involvement of probiotics and postbiotics in the immune system modulation. Biologics. 2021. 1(2):89-110. http://doi.org/10.3390/biologics1020006.

Yuan L, Li Y, Chen M, et al. Therapeutic applications of gut microbes in cardiometabolic diseases: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Jan 20;108(1):156. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-024-13007-7. PMID: 38244075; PMCID: PMC10799778.

Zheng Y, Shi H, Zhou Y, Wang A, Kang D, Kang L. Effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress, liver function, insulin resistance and vascular endothelial function in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Feb 4;67(5):210-7. http://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2021.67.5.29. PMID: 35818251.

Zhou Z, Sun B, Yu D, Zhu C. Gut microbiota: an important player in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Feb 15:12:834485. http://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.834485. PMID: 35242721; PMCID: PMC8886906.

Żółkiewicz J, Marzec A, Ruszczyński M, Feleszko W. Postbiotics — a step beyond pre- and probiotics. Nutrients. 2020 Jul 23;12(8):2189. http://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082189. PMID: 32717965; PMCID: PMC7468815.

##submission.downloads##

Опубліковано

2025-09-30

Номер

Розділ

Огляди